Liver Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma) in Dogs .

Liver cancer is a tumor of the epithelial tissues of the liver, that lines the surfaces and the cavities of dogs' body structure. It is one of the most dangerous forms of the disease and is a silent killer. Because many dogs do not even show any distinct symptoms until it is too late. Liver cancer in dog affect mostly older dogs ( around 10 years and above ) more than younger dogs. So dog parents and all animal lovers need to be educate themselves as much as they can and be careful of this disease.

Types of Dog liver cancer :

There are two types of liver cancer in dogs.
1- Primary Liver Cancer, arises within the liver. It is the result of primary liver tumor that originates in the liver. The most common primary liver tumor usually does not spread to other parts of the body. It mostly occurs in older dogs ( specially in male dogs ). In rare cases Primary liver cancer in dogs can metastasize to other parts of the body.

2- Secondary / Metastatic Liver Cancer, is one that spread to the liver from other organs and common in dogs. Because the liver is the largest organ in the dog's body. It is involved in bodily functions and processes. Medications are metabolized in the liver and putting a lot of stress on the liver. This is the reason of all secondary/ metastatic cancers. Metastatic liver tumors are generally multiple aggregation of cells.

Symptoms of Dog liver cancer :

 

Sadly in the early stage of dog liver cancer, symptoms are not distinctive until the disease reaches an advanced stage.

Some of Symptoms are :

Appetite loss, anemia as a result of appetite loss/ internal bleeding, pale gums as a sign of anemia, jaundice as a result of anemia and liver disease, blood in stools as a sign of internal bleeding, lethargy, diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss, excessive urination and thirst, abdominal haemorrhage, weakness, behavioural symptom, etc.

Causes of dog liver cancer :

 

Causes of dog liver cancer are unknown. May be related to environmental factors such as chemical driven liver damage or causes may be toxins. Because dogs are exposed on a daily basis to such toxins and chemicals which may be contained in household cleaners/ pesticides.

If dog is being fed a low-quality commercial dog food, is constantly being exposed to harmful and some dangerous chemicals contained in the food such as artificial flavors and colouring.

Diagnosis of dog lever cancer : 

This is difficult to diagnosis early enough liver cancer in dog. If dog shows some of symptoms, do not do late to take him to a veterinarian for an immediate examination. Veterinarian will perform a physical examination on dog to see some other conditions. If dog liver cancer is suspected then it may require some following tests.

Biochemical profile, complete blood count test, urinalysis, liver biopsy, clotting tests, abdominal ultrasound, abdominal and chest x-rays. Also a microscopic test of fluid will be taken from dog liver by needle to detect a pre-cancerous change in tissues and cells. A hepatic biopsy may need to be done to make a conclusive diagnosis. 

 

Treatment in dog lever cancer :

 

Liver cancer in dog is a tough battle of life and is not easily treated. The treatment depends upon the severity of the condition. Very first veterinarian will work to stabilize dog's condition and to ease his discomfort and pain.

Disease is usually not diagnosed in the early stage. So options of treatment go down when the cancer is in an advanced stage. Dog may require a blood transfusion. If the dog has a primary liver tumor, there is possibility of a surgery to remove part of the liver. Surgery of this type is a dangerous procedure and only should be attempted when the exact location of the tumor is known. But not in all dogs. And If cancer is metastatic then radiotherapy or chemotherapy may be tried for removing cancer cells.

 

Natural remedies, herbs and diet for liver cancer in dog:

 

Though dog liver cancer has a poor worsen prognosis but one should not give up. Try various treatment options such as homeopathic, herbs, natural supplements, home made diets, etc.

Herbs are good for strengthening the immune system. They support the liver, kidneys and make the body stronger to fight against cancer.

AHCC, Avemar, Astragalus, Echinacea, red clover, burdock root, alfalfa, dandelion, essiac, milk thistle, green tea, garlic, ginger mashrooms, are good suggestions for dog with liver cancer.

Mostly veterinarians suggest homemade diet for liver cancer dog patient which should be low in carbohydrate and high in fat, high quality proteins, amino acids, beneficial vegetables.  

Also some beneficial supplements should be given. Vitamin C and E, the minerals selenium, etc.

 

Very Important Note : The goal of treatment for dog liver cancer should be to try to improve his quality of life. A dog with liver cancer is under a lot of stress, physically as well mentally. Always try to help relax the mind of the dog. Do everything for his well being and to keep his mind calm. 

The best thing is always keep the dog with liver cancer in under observation and visit for regular medical checkups.

In advanced stages,there is not so much that can be done to cure the cancer. Vet may bring up the possibility of euthanasia.   

Remember If discovered early, dog liver cancer may be treatable. 

Never give up the hopes.